As summer arrives and we look forward to spending more time outdoors, it’s essential to address an important yet often overlooked health risk: skin cancer. As an oncologist, I believe it’s crucial to raise awareness about this preventable and treatable disease, which has been increasing in incidence over the years.
Skin cancer occurs due to the uncontrolled growth of abnormal skin cells. It happens when mutations in the DNA of skin cells trigger them to multiply rapidly and form malignant tumors. The most common types are basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and melanoma. While BCC and SCC are more common and less aggressive, melanoma is rarer but significantly more dangerous due to its potential to spread to other parts of the body.
Several factors increase the risk of developing skin cancer. The most significant is exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun. Other risk factors include having fair skin, a history of sunburns, excessive sun exposure, a family history of skin cancer, and certain genetic conditions. People with many moles or unusual moles, and those who live in sunny or high-altitude climates, are also at higher risk.
Preventing skin cancer involves a combination of protective measures:
Early detection is key to successful treatment. Skin cancer can often be cured if found early. Warning signs include new growths, changes in existing moles, or any skin changes that do not heal. The ABCDE rule is a helpful guide for spotting potential melanomas:
The treatment of skin cancer depends on the type, size, and location of the tumor, as well as the patient’s overall health. Common treatments include surgical removal, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, photodynamic therapy, and biologic therapy. In recent years, advancements in immunotherapy and targeted therapy have shown promise, especially for advanced melanoma.
Skin cancer is a significant health concern that can largely be prevented through simple protective measures and awareness. By educating ourselves and our communities, we can reduce the incidence of this disease and ensure early detection, leading to better outcomes. As we enjoy the sunshine, let’s remember to protect our skin and prioritize our health.
Stay safe, and don’t hesitate to consult a healthcare professional if you notice any concerning changes in your skin. Prevention and early detection are our best weapons in the fight against skin cancer.
